Failure characteristics of some common electronic components

Source: Network Organization Posted in : 2021-11-09 15:46:11

Damage of electronic components is generally difficult to detect by observers. In many cases, instruments must be used to detect and judge. , so let's take a look at the characteristics of the various devices. The following content is organized by the purchase network for your reference.

Whether it is a fault caused by natural loss or a fault caused by man-made damage, it can generally be attributed to open circuit contacts , electronic components damage and software failure three kinds of failures. If the contact is open, if the wire is broken, the plug-in is disconnected, the contact is poor, etc., it is generally easier to repair. The damage of electronic components (except for obvious burnout and heat generation) is generally difficult to find by observers. In many cases, instruments must be used to detect and judge. Therefore, for maintenance personnel, first of all, it is necessary to understand various components. It is extremely important to repair circuit faults and improve maintenance efficiency. The following are some common failure characteristics of electronic components.
   Failure characteristics of common electronic components in mobile phone repair
    1 , Integrated circuits are generally partially damaged such as breakdown, open circuit, short circuit, power amplifier chips are easily damaged, memory is prone to software failures, and other chips sometimes appear soldered.
    2. Triode; breakdown, open circuit, serious leakage, and deterioration of parameters.
    3. Diodes (rectifier, light-emitting, voltage regulator, variable capacitance). It is easy to be broken down and open circuit, so that the forward resistance becomes larger and the reverse resistance becomes smaller.
    4. Resistor; under normal circumstances, the actual efficiency of the resistor is relatively low. But the resistor plays a great role in the circuit. In some important circuits, the change of the resistance value will change the static operating point of the triode, which will cause the whole unit circuit to work abnormally. The actual effect of the resistor is: desoldering, the resistance value becomes larger or smaller, and the temperature characteristic becomes worse.
    5. Capacitors: Divided into polar electrolytic capacitors and non-polar electrolytic capacitors. The effective characteristics of electrolytic capacitors are: breakdown short circuit, increased leakage, smaller capacity or open circuit. The practical characteristics of non-polar capacitors are: breakdown short circuit or desoldering, serious leakage or resistance effect.
    6. Inductance; Effective features are: disconnection, desoldering.
    The above are the main components, and some peripheral components such as field effect transistors and quartz crystals cannot be ignored during maintenance, especially those affected by vibration The fragile quartz crystal and high-power devices (power amplifier, power supply circuit, voltage-controlled oscillator) have problems, and there will be failures such as failure to power on or not being able to access the Internet after booting, hearing the other party's voice, and contacting the supplier.